The development of a PET radiotracer for imaging alpha synuclein aggregates in Parkinson’s disease
Tian GL, Hsieh CJ, Guarino DS, Graham TJA, Lengyel-Zhand Z, Schmitz A, Chia WK, Young AJ, Crosby JG, Plakas K, Huang T, Jiang H, Yu Y, Hou C, Lee H, Petersson EJ, Giannakoulias S, O’Shea J, Kotzbauer P, Tu Z, Mathis CA, Mach RH. The development of a PET radiotracer for imaging alpha synuclein aggregates in Parkinson’s disease. RSC Med Chem. 2025 Apr 3. doi: 10.1039/d5md00057b. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40256311; PMCID: PMC12004261.
Abstract
M503-1619 was identified as a promising ligand for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of α-synuclein (α-Syn) pathology in Parkinson’s disease (PD). An exemplar for binding site 9 (residues GLY-86, ILE-88, PHE-94 and LYS-96) of α-Syn fibrils was generated. An in silico ultrahigh throughput screening campaign was conducted using a 42 million compound library. Secondary in silico methods followed by visual inspection were used to select 6 compounds as candidates for in vitro binding studies. M503-1619 was found to have a high binding affinity (K i = 6.5 nM versus the site 9 radioligand [3H]BF-2846) to α-Syn fibrils and low affinity for beta amyloid (K i = 390 nM versus [3H]PiB) in competition binding assays. Saturation binding assays of [3H]M503-1619 in human tissues confirmed its high affinity to α-Syn (PD tissue, K D = 2.5 nM; Alzheimer’s disease tissue, K D = 37 nM; progressive supranuclear palsy tissue, K D = 55 nM). Autoradiography studies demonstrated a higher binding of this radioligand in PD brain sections than in multiple system atrophy brain sections. PET studies with [11C]M503-1619 showed high brain uptake and rapid washout (whole brain peak to 60 min ratio = 3.2) in non-human primates. The results of this study suggest that [11C]M503-1619 is a lead compound for radiotracer development imaging α-Syn with PET.